2. dmidecode
- 설치할 필요없음
- dmidecode 명령은 서버 하드웨어, 바이오스 정보를 system DMI 테이블에서 읽어온다.
시스템의 현재 configuration 상태뿐만 아니라 최대 지원가능한 설정 정보까지도 불러온다.
예를 들어, 시스템의 현재 RAM 정보와 최대 확장가능한 RAM 정보까지도 확인할 수 있다.
dmidecode 의 output 형태는 다음과 같다.
Record Header: Handle {record id}, DMI type {dmi type id}, {record size} bytes
Record Value: {multi line record value}
- record id: Unique identifier for every record in the DMI table.
- dmi type id: Type of the record. i.e BIOS, Memory etc.,
- record size: Size of the record in the DMI table.
- multi line record values: Multi line record value for that specific DMI type.
dmidecode 명령의 output 예 :
# dmidecode | head -15
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
56 structures occupying 1977 bytes.
Table at 0x000FB320.
Handle 0xDA00, DMI type 218, 11 bytes
OEM-specific Type
Header and Data:
DA 0B 00 DA B0 00 17 03 08 28 00
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Dell Computer Corporation
Version: A07
Release Date: 01/13/2004
DMI 테이블의 레코드 갯수를 보기위해서는
# dmidecode | grep ^Handle | wc -l
56
(or)
# dmidecode | grep structures
56 structures occupying 1977 bytes.
DMI Types
시스템의 CPU 정보를 보기위해서는 type id 4 옵션을 dmidecode 명령과 함께 준다.
# dmidecode -t 4
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x0400, DMI type 4, 35 bytes
Processor Information
Socket Designation: Processor 1
Type: Central Processor
Family: Xeon
Manufacturer: Intel
ID: 29 0F 00 00 FF FB EB BF
Signature: Type 0, Family 15, Model 2, Stepping 9
Flags:
FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
VME (Virtual mode extension)
DE (Debugging extension)
PSE (Page size extension)
TSC (Time stamp counter)
MSR (Model specific registers)DMI type 은 아래와 같다.
Type Information
----------------------------------------
0 BIOS
1 System
2 Base Board
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply또한, type id 를 입력하는 대신에 키워드를 사용할 수도 있다.
다음은 사용가능한 키워드이다.
Keyword Types
------------------------------
bios 0, 13
system 1, 12, 15, 23, 32
baseboard 2, 10
chassis 3
processor 4
memory 5, 6, 16, 17
cache 7
connector 8
slot 9type id 2 와 10 에 대한 정보를 보기 위해 키워드 baseboard 를 사용한 예
# dmidecode -t baseboard
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x0200, DMI type 2, 9 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Dell Computer Corporation
Product Name: 123456
Version: A05
Serial Number: ..CN123456789098.
Handle 0x0A00, DMI type 10, 14 bytes
On Board Device 1 Information
Type: SCSI Controller
Status: Enabled
Description: LSI Logic 53C1030 Ultra 320 SCSI
On Board Device 2 Information
Type: SCSI Controller
Status: Enabled
Description: LSI Logic 53C1030 Ultra 320 SCSI
On Board Device 3 Information
Type: Video
Status: Enabled
Description: ATI Rage XL PCI Video
On Board Device 4 Information
Type: Ethernet
Status: Enabled
Description: Broadcom Gigabit Ethernet 1
On Board Device 5 Information
Type: Ethernet
Status: Enabled
Description: Broadcom Gigabit Ethernet 2시스템에서 지원가능한 최대 RAM 크기는 얼마인가?
아래 예는 최대 RAM 크기가 8GB 임을 보여준다.
# dmidecode -t 16
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4메모리를 얼마나 확장할 수 있는지 를 확인하기 위해 /proc/meminfo 명령을 사용하여 현재 메모리 총량을 확인할 수 있다.
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1034644 kB
위 예는 현재 시스템이 1 GB 메모리를 가지고 있음을 확인할 수 있지만, 이것이 1GB 1개인지, 512MB 2개인지, 256MB 4개인지는 알 수가 없다.
dmidecode 명령을 사용하여 memory 슬롯에서 각각 사용되고 있는 RAM 크기를 알 수 있다.
아래 예는 memory slot 이 4개이며, 현재 슬롯 1,2 에 512 MB RAM 이 각각 장착되어 있음을 확인할 수 있다.
# dmidecode -t 17
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x1100, DMI type 17, 23 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x1000
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 512 MB [Note: Slot1 has 512 MB RAM]
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: 1
Locator: DIMM_1A
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: DDR
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 266 MHz (3.8 ns)
Handle 0x1101, DMI type 17, 23 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x1000
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 512 MB [Note: Slot2 has 512 MB RAM]
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: 1
Locator: DIMM_1B
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: DDR
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 266 MHz (3.8 ns)
Handle 0x1102, DMI type 17, 23 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x1000
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed [Note: Slot3 is empty]
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: 2
Locator: DIMM_2A
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: DDR
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 266 MHz (3.8 ns)
Handle 0x1103, DMI type 17, 23 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x1000
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 72 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: No Module Installed [Note: Slot4 is empty]
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: 2
Locator: DIMM_2B
Bank Locator: Not Specified
Type: DDR
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 266 MHz (3.8 ns)BIOS information 확인하기
# dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Dell Computer Corporation
Version: A07
Release Date: 01/13/2004
Address: 0xF0000
Runtime Size: 64 kB
ROM Size: 4096 kB
Characteristics:
ISA is supported
PCI is supported
PNP is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
Japanese floppy for Toshiba 1.2 MB is supported (int 13h)
5.25"/360 KB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5"/720 KB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
LS-120 boot is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Function key-initiated network boot is supported
Handle 0x0D00, DMI type 13, 22 bytes
BIOS Language Information
Installable Languages: 1
en|US|iso8859-1
Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1장비의 Manufacturer, Model 과 Serial number 확인하기
# dmidecode -t system
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.3 present.
Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 25 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: Dell Computer Corporation
Product Name: PowerEdge 1750
Version: Not Specified
Serial Number: 1234567
UUID: 4123454C-4123-1123-8123-12345603431
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
Handle 0x0C00, DMI type 12, 5 bytes
System Configuration Options
Option 1: NVRAM_CLR: Clear user settable NVRAM areas and set defaults
Option 2: PASSWD: Close to enable password
Handle 0x2000, DMI type 32, 11 bytes
System Boot Information
Status: No errors detected
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